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Brief of China Transportation
After the founding of New China in 1949, China transportation witnessed a dramatic change in the past decades. An efficient network has been established comprehending railways, highways, civil aviation and water transport.
Air
China Aviation system is quite centralized in spite of the efforts to open domestic market to foreign airlines and private business. Starting from 2002, the central administration (CAAC-Civil Aviation Administration of China) has been pushing the merger between the many airlines to form 3 big blocs,
Air China,
China Eastern and
China Southern Airlines. Together with local-funded carriers like
Hainan,
Shanghai,
Shenzhen,
Xianmen and
Shandong, the 3 air giants of China offer satisfactory services to passengers at home and abroad. The fleets consist of new models of Boeing, Airbus and McDonnell Douglas, guaranteeing the service quality and safety. By the end of 2001, 126 civil airports have been in use with a total of 1143 air routes.
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Railway
By the end of 2002, the double track railway in China has reached a length of 71,898 km with an expanding speed of 1000km per year. The virgin trip to Lhasa by train will start a big event of China Rail history in July 2006 Train is still the most important mass transportation vehicle. With its affordable fares, comfortable sleeping booths and increasing speed, it is competing with air and bus. Some overnight train rides are convenient and comfortable and are wooing more business people than air. The overnight train between Shanghai and Beijing even has private twin/single rooms and private toilet.
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Highway
By the end of 2004, China has a highway mileage of 1.87 million km, ranking the 4th place in the world, while expressway took the second place with a total length of more than 19,000 km. In some short distance transportation, the bus is killing the train with more departures, more comfortable seats and shorter time. Imported or domestically assembled buses like Mercedes-Benz, Volvo, Daewoo can be found in many parts of China.
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Waterway
China has an 18,000-km-long coastline and over 6,500 islands. The Bohai, Huanghai, East, and South seas line up side by side in the east and south of the country forming vast waterway to other parts of the world. Some world-class seaports have been built in the past few decades like Shanghai, Ningbo, Tianjing, Guangzhou, Qingdao and Shenzhen, running busy
international and
domestic routes to connect the rest of world and their each other. Shanghai Harbor ranked the third largest port in the world since 2003.
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China subway (Metro):
As China witnesses a rapid growth in the past few decades, many major cities have kept expanding; more and more people flew into these cities to realize their dreams. Under these circumstances, some cities with a population of over 5 millions began to consider the construction of Subway or light rail system to ease the pressure of massive public transport.
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Taxi:
Taxi was probably introduced to China early last century, and experienced a stride in 1920-30’s. After the Communists took over the power, the taxi business was put under the state ownership. During the Cultural Revolution, taxi extinguished completely in Mainland China.
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Bike in China:
When in China, do as Chinese people do: cycling. Bicycles in China are ingrained in every day life, are an important means of transportation and are visible everywhere. Also in the big cities cycles dominate streets although more and more cars and highways are being built.
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